To adapt to changing environmental pressures, bacteria have developed various methods that allow them to uptake exogenous DNA and incorporate it into their own genomes. One of these processes is ...

Many systemically effective drugs such as cyclosporin A are ineffective topically because of their poor penetration into skin. To surmount this problem, we conjugated a heptamer of arginine to ...

A dual-action HIV antibody–drug conjugate forces Env to open, then blocks it, boosting virus neutralization up to tenfold in the lab.

Conjugated antibodies are used in different clinical and non-clinical approaches. For example, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and radioimmunoconjugates (RICs) may be used in the clinic for the ...